Include, Extend, and Generalize - Quiz Explanation
The correct answers are indicated below, along with text that explains the correct answers.
1.
How is the Include stereotype used?
Please select the best answer.
A.
To isolate optional logic to reduce the complexity of the use case narrative
B.
To define specialized forms of actors or use cases
C.
To isolate redundant events flows shared by multiple use cases
D.
To isolate an exception flow of events from a main flow of events
The correct answer is C.
The Include stereotype is used to isolate redundant events flows shared by multiple use cases. A is incorrect because it describes a reason to use the Extends stereotype. B is incorrect because it describes a reason to use generalization. D is incorrect because this is done using a separate section in the use case narrative.
2.
How is the Extend stereotype used?
Please select the best answer.
A.
To isolate optional logic to reduce the complexity of the use case narrative
B.
To define specialized forms of actors or use cases
C.
To isolate redundant events flows shared by multiple use cases
D.
To isolate an exception flow of events from a main flow of events
The correct answer is A. The Extend stereotype is used to isolate optional logic to reduce the complexity of the use case narrative. B is incorrect because it describes a reason to use generalization. C is incorrect because it describes a reason to use the Include stereotype. D is incorrect because this is done using a separate section in the use case narrative.
3.
How is generalization used?
Please select the best answer.
A.
To isolate optional logic to reduce the complexity of the use case narrative
B.
To define specialized forms of actors or use cases
C.
To isolate redundant events flows shared by multiple use cases
D.
To isolate an exception flow of events from a main flow of events
The correct answer is B. Generalization is used to define specialized forms of actors or use cases. A is incorrect because it describes a reason to use the Extends stereotype. C is incorrect because it describes a reason to use the Include stereotype. D is incorrect because this is done using a separate section in the use case.
4.
What notation is used with the Include stereotype?
Please select the best answer.
A.
A line with the word include in << >>, drawn from (not between) the main use case and the use case that is included
B.
A dashed line with the word include in <<>>, drawn from (not between) the main use case and the use case that is included
C.
A dashed arrow with the word include in <<>>, drawn from the use case that is included to the main use case
D.
A dashed arrow with the word include in <<>>, drawn from the main use case to the use case that is included
The correct answer is D. The notation used with the Include stereotype is a dashed arrow with the word include in <<>>, drawn from the main use case to the use case that is being included. A is incorrect because the Include stereotype uses a dependency arrow, which is modeled as a dashed line with an arrowhead. B is incorrect because the dependency uses an arrow rather than a line. C is incorrect because the arrow points the opposite direction.
5.
What notation is used with the Extend stereotype?
Please select the best answer.
A.
A dashed arrow with the word extend in <<>>, drawn from the main use case to the use case that extends the functionality
B.
A dashed line with the word extend in <<>>, drawn between the use case that extends the functionality to the main use case
C.
A dashed arrow with the word extend in <<>>, drawn from the use case that extends the functionality to the main use case
D.
A line with the word extend in << >>, drawn between the main use case and the use case that is extended
The correct answer is C. The notation used with the Extend stereotype is a dashed arrow with the word extend in <<>>, drawn from the use case that extends the functionality to the main use case. A is incorrect because the arrow should point in the opposite direction. B is incorrect because the dependency uses an arrow rather than a line. D is incorrect because the Extend stereotype uses a dependency, which is modeled as a dashed arrow.
6.
What elements of a use case diagram may be generalized?
Please select the best answer.
A.
Use cases, actors, and associations
B.
Use cases and actors
C.
Use cases only
D.
Dependencies such as Include and Extend
The correct answer is B. Generalization may be used with use cases and actors. Both types of elements may be generalized the same as any classifier in the UML. A is incorrect because associations are not classifiers and may not be generalized. C is incorrect because actors may also be generalized. D is incorrect because generalization and dependencies are two separate and distinct concepts.
7.
What notation is used with generalization?
Please select the best answer.
A.
A solid line connecting the general and specialized elements
B.
A solid line and triangle connecting the general and specialized elements
C.
A dashed arrow connecting the general to the specialized elements
D.
A dashed line connecting the general and specialized elements
The correct answer is B. A solid line and triangle connect the general and specialized elements. A is incorrect because it is missing the triangle (placed at the generalization end of the line). C is incorrect because the dashed arrow is used for dependencies, not generalization. D is incorrect because there is no such connector in UML.